ADU Rules & Zoning in Key West, Florida (2026)

Updated with 2026 Florida SB-48 Codes

What ADU can you build in your Key West backyard?

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ADU Rules in Key West, Florida

We've researched Key West's ADU rules so you don't have to. Here's what matters most — the facts that determine whether your project is possible, and how much it will cost.

  • Key West is Florida's most constrained ADU market — but also its highest-income STR opportunity
  • Monroe County ACSC designation may limit how SB-48 applies — confirm with city planning before assuming statewide ADU rights
  • STR Vacation Rental licenses are capped — verify license availability before buying for STR income; some licenses trade separately for $50k–$200k+
  • Construction costs are the highest in Florida: $200,000–$450,000 for a 500–750 sq ft unit due to island logistics and hurricane standards
  • Rental income potential is exceptional: $2,200–$5,500/month LTR; $250–$700/night STR for a well-positioned unit near Old Town
  • Old Town Historic District (most of Key West) requires HARC Certificate of Appropriateness for any new structure

Last verified: 2026-04-02

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A modern backyard cottage — the kind of ADU homeowners are building across Key West, Florida

Backyard ADUs like this are being built across Key West — here's how to do it right.

Here's exactly what Key West zoning allows

Key West ADU rules. Monroe County is Florida's Area of Critical State Concern — a state designation that limits growth and creates unique regulatory constraints. SB-48 preemption may not fully apply. Extremely high land values and STR demand.

Zoning allowance

ADUs may be permitted on eligible single-family parcels, but Monroe County is designated as a Florida Area of Critical State Concern (ACSC) — this imposes growth management restrictions that differ from the rest of Florida. Verify whether Florida SB-48 (2026) preemption applies to your specific parc

Size limits

Key West has historically imposed ADU size limits below the SB-48 statewide baseline. City of Key West typically limits accessory dwelling units to 550–750 sq ft in historic districts. Verify current limits with Key West Planning — SB-48 may or may not override local limits given ACSC status.

Lot + setbacks

Key West lots are among the smallest in Florida — typical lots 40–60ft wide, 80–100ft deep. Setbacks: 5ft sides, 10ft rear in most residential zones. Many properties are in the Old Town National Register Historic District requiring additional design review.

Height + coverage

Maximum height 25–35ft. Historic Key West requires architectural compatibility — no flat-roofed modern structures in Conch cottage neighborhoods.

Parking

Parking is critically constrained in Key West — many properties have no off-street parking. ADU parking requirements may be waived in Old Town, but confirm with planning.

Rental / occupancy

Key West has a complex STR licensing system with caps on transient rental units by zone. Residential areas require Vacation Rental (VR) license — licenses are limited by city ordinance. Confirm availability before purchasing for STR income.

Permit process

City of Key West Building Department. Historic Old Town properties require HARC (Historic Architecture Review Commission) Certificate of Appropriateness. Monroe County Building for unincorporated Keys parcels.

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Building limits and rental rules, side by side

These two sets of rules determine what you can build and what income you can expect. Read both before you commit to a design or a rental strategy.

Building Limits

  • Max Size:750 sq ft
  • Setbacks:5ft side / 10ft rear
  • Detached Allowed?Yes
  • Max Height:35 ft
  • Build Cost Est.:$200,000–$450,000

Rental Rules

No Owner-Occupancy Requirement: Both units can be rented to tenants simultaneously.

Short-Term Rentals: Not prohibited at the city level. State DBPR license required.

Estimated Monthly Income

$2,200–$5,500/month

Based on 2025–2026 Key West market data

Florida SB-48 (2026 update): Under Florida's statewide ADU law, most single-family homeowners have the right to build an ADU by-right. Local municipalities cannot impose size limits below 1,000 sq ft or require owner-occupancy as a condition of building. If you believe a local denial violates SB-48, consult a Florida land-use attorney.

ADUs are NOT Permitted In:

  • Key West Naval Air Station and adjacent federal land — no civilian ADU development
  • Salt Ponds and environmentally sensitive habitat areas
  • FEMA Zone VE (coastal high hazard) properties — extremely restrictive for new construction
  • Commercial zones along US-1 corridor — not eligible for residential ADUs

Here's exactly what you'll pay — and how to avoid the fees that catch most homeowners off guard

Most homeowners spend 3–4 weeks piecing this together on their own. We've mapped the full Key West permit process step by step — so you know exactly what's coming, and what to prepare.

1

Step 1: Pre-Application Zoning Check

Where:
City of Key West Planning Department, 3140 Flagler Avenue, Key West, FL 33040
Contact:
(305) 809-3890
What to bring:
Property address and parcel ID, preliminary site sketch, lot survey
Timeline:
No appointment fee — call ahead to confirm office hours
Cost:
No fee for initial inquiry
2

Step 2: Submit Permit Application

Where:
https://www.keywestcity.com/274/Building-Department
Contact:
(305) 809-3890
What to bring:
Architectural plans, site plan, boundary survey, energy compliance docs
Timeline:
Standard zones: 8–14 weeks
Cost:
$11,100–$26,800 in permits and fees (excluding construction)
3

Step 3: Plan Review & Revisions

Where:
City of Key West Planning Department
Contact:
(305) 809-3890
What to bring:
Responses to any correction letters; revised drawings if required
Timeline:
Standard zones: 8–14 weeks. Old Town Historic District: add 6–12 weeks for HARC review. Construction complexity adds additional time.
Cost:
No additional fee for standard resubmittal
4

Step 4: Construction & Inspections

Where:
Key West Building Department
Contact:
(305) 809-3890
What to bring:
Approved permit set must be on-site at all times during construction
Timeline:
Schedule inspections as each phase of work is completed
Cost:
Included in permit fee

Full Key West Permit Cost Breakdown

These are the fees you'll encounter, in the order you'll typically encounter them.

Cost ItemAmount / Notes
Total Estimated Cost$11,100–$26,800 in permits and fees (excluding construction)
Building Permit Fee$3,000–$7,000
harc review fee$300–$800 (Old Town only)
Impact Fees$5,000–$12,000
Plan Review Fee$800–$2,000
Utility Connection Fees$2,000–$5,000
Permit Timeline: Standard zones: 8–14 weeks. Old Town Historic District: add 6–12 weeks for HARC review. Construction complexity adds additional time.

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Key ADU Restrictions in Key West

These are the rules that most often catch homeowners by surprise. Read them carefully before engaging an architect.

  • Monroe County is designated a Florida Area of Critical State Concern (ACSC) — growth management restrictions limit new construction; verify whether SB-48 preemption applies before assuming statewide ADU rights
  • STR (Vacation Rental) licenses are capped by city ordinance in Key West — the city limits the total number of transient rental units; confirm a license is available before purchasing a property for STR income
  • Old Town National Register Historic District covers most of downtown Key West — HARC review required for all exterior changes, including new ADU structures

Common Mistakes to Avoid in Key West

  • Key West Vacation Rental licenses are a limited, transferable asset — some sell for $50,000–$200,000+ separately from the property itself; always clarify whether a VR license transfers with a sale
  • Hurricane hardening requirements are the strictest in Florida — all new construction must meet Miami-Dade NOA (Notice of Acceptance) standards for wind; this adds significant cost to ADU construction
  • Many Key West lots have underground cisterns, cistern lids, or buried infrastructure from the pre-WWII era that can surprise during construction — require a geotechnical report

Eligible Zones in Key West

ADUs are permitted by-right in these zoning districts. Verify your parcel at the county GIS portal — most homeowners can confirm their zone in under 5 minutes.

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Aerial view of a Florida residential neighborhood — properties where homeowners are adding ADUs

Key West neighborhoods where ADU permits are being filed — is your street next?

Key West ADU — Frequently Asked Questions

These are the questions we hear most often from Key West homeowners. If yours isn't here, our ADU Zoning Experts can answer it directly.

Does Florida SB-48 apply in Key West?

This is the most important question for Key West ADU planning and the answer is uncertain. Monroe County is designated a Florida Area of Critical State Concern (ACSC) under Florida law, which means the county operates under a state-approved Comprehensive Plan with stricter growth management rules than the rest of Florida. Whether SB-48's statewide ADU preemption overrides Key West's local caps is a legal question that has not been definitively resolved. Do not assume SB-48 rights in Key West without confirming with the City of Key West Planning Department or a Florida land-use attorney.

How do STR Vacation Rental licenses work in Key West?

Key West limits the total number of Vacation Rental (VR) licenses it issues in residential areas. These licenses are transferable, meaning they can be bought and sold — in some cases for $50,000–$200,000 independently of the property. A VR license is required to legally operate a short-term rental (under 28 days) in Key West residential zones. Before purchasing any Key West property for STR income, confirm: (1) the property currently has a VR license or (2) a new license is available in the city's allocation. Operating without a license carries significant fines.

Why are construction costs so high in Key West?

Key West construction costs are 2–3x mainland Florida for several reasons: (1) Island logistics — all materials arrive by truck over the Overseas Highway or by barge, adding 15–25% to materials costs; (2) Hurricane hardening — all new construction must meet Miami-Dade NOA wind standards, among the strictest in the country; (3) Historic materials — Old Town ADUs must use compatible materials (Dade County pine, painted wood siding, metal roofs) that cost more than modern alternatives; (4) Local labor scarcity — skilled tradespeople are limited on the island.

What is the HARC review and does my ADU need it?

The Historic Architecture Review Commission (HARC) reviews all exterior changes to properties in the Key West Historic District, which covers most of the original city. If your property is in the historic district (check with Key West Planning), you must receive a Certificate of Appropriateness from HARC before pulling a building permit for any new structure including an ADU. HARC reviews massing, materials, roof form, window placement, and compatibility with the Conch architectural vernacular. Work with an architect who has HARC experience.

Find out what ADU you can build in your backyard

— and get a free Key West ADU guide for your area.

Free report · No commitment · 60 seconds

Find out what ADU you can build in your backyard

— and get a free Key West ADU guide for your area.

Free report · No commitment · 60 seconds

Key West Planning Department

We recommend calling City of Key West Planning Department at (305) 809-3890 before submitting anything — a 10-minute conversation can save weeks of back-and-forth on your permit application.

City of Key West Planning Department

3140 Flagler Avenue, Key West, FL 33040

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Serving homeowners in 33040, 33041 and surrounding Key West zip codes.

This page provides general information based on current ordinances and publicly available data as of April 2026. Zoning rules change — verify all requirements with your local planning department before making financial commitments.